(Jewish) apocalyptic literature is mainly to be characterized as anti-institutional, in a way rebellious. Two works, however, direct that critique openly against Rome and Roman culture: The book of Revelation and the Third Book of the Sibylline Oracles. Thought the first is a Christian Composition, it rests heavily on Jewish traditions. The other belongs to the Jewish Hellenistic diaspora. Both works share a similar list of main sins attributed to Rome and its culture. This paper will seek to place the works in the wider field of Jewish Hellenistic and apocalyptic thought.
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